What is defined as infiltration in IV therapy?

Infiltration in IV therapy is best defined as fluid leaking into the surrounding tissue. This occurs when the intravenous catheter or needle becomes dislodged from the vein or when there is damage to the vein wall, allowing the infused fluid to escape the vascular system and accumulate in the surrounding interstitial tissues.

Infiltration can lead to swelling, discomfort, and local complications in the affected area, often requiring intervention to prevent further issues. Recognizing and addressing infiltration is crucial for maintaining patient safety and treatment efficacy.

The other choices do not accurately describe infiltration. For instance, fluid entering the bloodstream is a normal function of IV therapy, and it does not pertain to the phenomenon of infiltration. A fluid causing an allergic reaction refers to an immune response unrelated to the mechanical issues seen in infiltration. Similarly, fluid failing to enter the IV line is not the same as infiltration; rather, it could suggest an obstruction in the IV line or a poorly functioning IV setup. These concepts highlight the specific nature of infiltration as a critical condition to monitor and manage during IV therapy.