What is the primary use of furosemide (Lasix)?

Furosemide, commonly known by its brand name Lasix, is predominantly utilized for managing fluid retention (edema) and controlling high blood pressure (hypertension). As a loop diuretic, it works by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle within the kidneys, leading to increased urine production and subsequently reducing fluid overload in the body. This property is particularly advantageous for patients suffering from conditions such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and certain kidney disorders, where edema is prevalent.

Its effectiveness in lowering blood pressure comes from its ability to reduce blood volume through diuresis, which decreases the workload on the heart and helps in managing hypertension. Therefore, furosemide serves a critical role in both managing edema and controlling hypertension, making it a vital medication in various therapeutic regimens. The other options, such as treating high blood sugar, alleviating pain, or reducing cholesterol levels, do not align with the pharmacological actions or approved indications of furosemide.