Which of the following is a common side effect of morphine sulfate?

Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic widely used for the management of moderate to severe pain. One of the well-known side effects associated with opioid use, including morphine, is constipation. This occurs because opioids bind to receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing peristalsis and slowing down the movement of the intestines. As a result, patients often experience difficulty in bowel movements, which can lead to discomfort and the need for adjunctive treatments to manage this side effect.

In clinical practice, healthcare providers are often vigilant about monitoring patients on morphine and may recommend preventative measures, such as dietary changes or laxative use, to mitigate the impact of constipation. Understanding this prominent side effect is crucial for managing patient care effectively and ensuring pain relief does not come at the cost of additional discomfort from gastrointestinal issues.